Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukufunda izilimi zakwamanye amazwe kube noshintsho olukhulu ngokufika kwamathuluzi edijithali nezindlela ezintsha eziye zandisa ukufinyelela nokusebenza kahle kokutadisha. Enye yezindlela ezintsha eziye zaduma ngokushesha umqondo wokuphindaphinda ngokwezikhala, indlela efakazelwe yokugcinwa kwamagama. Ukuphindaphinda okubekwe endaweni sekusabalele ikakhulukazi ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufunda ulimi. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokuthi kuyini ukuphindaphinda okunezikhala, ukuthi kusetshenziswa kanjani ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zokufunda ulimi, nokuthi yiziphi izinketho ezingcono kakhulu ezitholakalayo emakethe.
Kuyini Ukuphindaphinda Kwezikhala?
Ukuphindaphinda okubekwe endaweni kuyindlela yokufunda encike ekubuyekezeni okuqukethwe okufundwe ngaphambilini ngezikhathi ezihlelwe ngokucophelela. Umgomo oyinhloko uwukuvuselela ulwazi ngaphambi kokuba lukhohlwe ngokuphelele, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinise inkumbulo yesikhathi eside. Ukuphindaphinda okubekwe endaweni kusekelwe ejikeni lokukhohlwa, umqondo owethulwa isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseJalimane u-Hermann Ebbinghaus, obonisa ukuthi ulwazi lulahleka ngokushesha uma lungavuselelwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Umkhuba wokuphindaphinda okuhlukanisiwe usebenza ngokuqondile nejika lokukhohlwa, ubuyisela ulwazi engqondweni ngezikhathi ezithile, luvimbele ukuthi lungashabalali ngokuphelele. Isihluthulelo sokuphindaphinda okuhlukaniswe ngezikhala ukwandisa kancane kancane izikhawu phakathi kokubuyekezwa njengoba umfundi egcina ulwazi unomphela. Ngakho-ke, amagama alula noma imishwana izobuyekezwa kancane, kuyilapho ulwazi olunzima luzobuyekezwa njalo, kuze kube yilapho luhlanganiswa.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwempinda Yezikhala Ekufundeni Ulimi
Ukufunda kabusha ulimi olusha kuhilela isilulumagama esikhulu, imithetho yohlelo, ukuphimisela kanye ne-syntax. Ngakho-ke, ukuphindaphinda kwezikhala, kuba ithuluzi elinamandla lokuqinisekisa ukuthi umfundi angakwazi ngekhanda futhi agcine izinto eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokugcwalisa ingqondo ngokubuyekeza okungadingekile.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphindaphindayo ezinezikhala zinikeza ukuzizwisa komuntu siqu ngokugxila kakhulu kumagama noma imishwana umsebenzisi angakwazi ukuyikhumbula. Isibonelo, uma umsebenzisi efunda igama elisha, isistimu ihlela isibuyekezo sosuku olufanayo, usuku olulandelayo, ezinsukwini ezintathu, isonto, inyanga, njll., kuze kube yilapho igama libanjwe ngekhanda ngempumelelo. Uma umsebenzisi enobunzima bokukhumbula igama, uhlelo luletha phambili isibuyekezo esihleliwe. Le ndlela yokuguquguquka yiyona eyenza ukuphindaphinda kwezikhala kuphumelele. Ithuthukisa isikhathi sokufunda, igxile kakhulu ezindaweni ezidinga ukunakwa okukhulu.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidumile zokuphindaphinda ezinezikhala
Njengamanje, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa zisebenzisa izimiso zokuphindaphinda okunezikhala ekufundeni ulimi, ngasinye sinezici zayo ezihlukile kanye nezinzuzo. Nazi ezinye ezisebenza kahle kakhulu:
1. Angi
I-Anki ingenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezidume kakhulu phakathi kwabafundi bolimi, nakuba ingagcini kuleyo nkambu. Uhlelo lokusebenza ludume kakhulu phakathi kwabafundi bezokwelapha, umthetho, nezinye iziyalo ezidinga ukubamba ngekhanda imiqulu emikhulu yezinto. Kodwa-ke, ekufundeni ulimi, kubaluleke kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kanye nekhono elenziwa ngezifiso.
I-Anki ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bazenzele amakhadi abo, ngamagama, imishwana, umsindo noma izithombe, futhi isistimu ihlela ukubuyekezwa ngokwezinga elicatshangelwayo lobunzima. Yenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kakhulu, futhi umsebenzisi angakwazi ukwengeza okuqukethwe kwe-multimedia, okwandisa ukugcinwa kolwazi.
2. Duolingo
I-Duolingo ingenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokufunda ulimi ezidume kakhulu, futhi esinye sezizathu zempumelelo yayo ukuhlanganiswa kokuphindwa kwezikhala ezifundweni zansuku zonke. Uhlelo luhlaziya ukusebenza komsebenzisi futhi lulungise izibuyekezo ngokwamagama noma imiqondo ekhohlakalayo.
Ku-Duolingo, isistimu iphakamisa ukubuyekezwa kwamasu kwamagama noma imiqondo umsebenzisi angase ayikhohlwe, iqinise ukufunda ngaphandle kokuphazamisa inqubekelaphambili ezifundweni ezintsha.
3. Memrise
I-Memrise ingolunye uhlelo lokusebenza oluhlanganisa isimiso sokuphindaphinda ngokwezikhala ekwakhiweni kwayo, ngokugxila ekufundeni kwamagama. Omunye umehluko omkhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamavidiyo anezikhulumi zomdabu zolimi, ezibonisa indlela efanele yokuphimisela amagama nemisho.
Ukuphindaphinda okufakwe esikhaleni ku-Memrise kuzivumelanisa ngokuzenzakalela nezidingo zomsebenzisi, ukuhlela ukubuyekezwa ngokusekelwe ekuvameni kwamaphutha enziwa egameni ngalinye noma umushwana. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe okunzima kakhulu kubuyekezwa kaningi.
4. Imibuzo
Nakuba kuyinkundla yokufunda evamile, i-Quizlet iphinde inikeze amathuluzi okufunda ulimi. Lapha, ungakha amasethi akho ama-flashcards noma usebenzise izinketho esezivele zikhona. Ukuphindaphinda okufakwe isikhala kungenye yezindlela zokubuyekeza ezinikezwayo.
I-Quizlet ihlela ukubuyekezwa okuzenzakalelayo ngokusekelwe ekusebenzeni komsebenzisi emibuzweni nasekuhlolweni kwenkumbulo, okwenza kube lula ukugcina imiqondo yamagama negrama.
5. I-Lingvist
I-Lingvist yintsha uma kuqhathaniswa, kodwa ibilokhu izuza ukuvelela ngenxa yendlela yayo esekelwe kusayensi yedatha eyenziwe ngezifiso. Iphinde isebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze ihlaziye ukusebenza komfundi futhi ilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo izibuyekezo ezidingekayo.
Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukuthi isilulumagama sibuyekezwa ngesikhathi esifanele, uLingvist ugxila emishweni ehambisana nezimo, evumela umfundi ukuba abambe ngekhanda amagama angawodwa nje kuphela, kodwa umongo asetshenziswa kuwo.
Izinzuzo Zokuphindaphinda Okunezikhala Ekufundeni Ulimi
- Ukulungiselela Isikhathi Sokufunda: Ukubuyekeza kuphela lokho okudingeka kuqiniswe konga isikhathi futhi kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokufunda.
- Ukugcinwa Kwesilulumagama Okukhulu: Uhlelo luqinisa ulwazimagama kwinkumbulo yesikhathi eside.
- Ukuzivumelanisa Nokuqukethwe Okunzima: Ukuphindaphinda okufakwe esikhaleni kulungisa ngokuzenzakalela kubunzima bomsebenzisi.
- Isifundo Sansuku Zonke Esikhuthazayo: Izinhlelo zokusebenza zikhuthaza ukufunda kwansuku zonke, kancane kancane ziqinisa okuqukethwe.
Isiphetho
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokufunda ulimi ezisuselwe ekuphindaphindweni kwezikhala zingamathuluzi abalulekile alabo abafuna ukufunda ngendlela ephumelelayo neqondene nawe. Ngokuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe, ingqondo yengqondo kanye ne-pedagogy, lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zinikeza indlela yesimanjemanje nephumelelayo yokwazi ulimi olusha. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo olukhethayo, ukuphindaphinda okubekwe ngezikhala kugqama njengesu elinamandla lokuguqula ukufundwa kolimi kube umsebenzi okhiqizayo nohlala njalo.
